「環境」の例

• biodiversity - 生物多様性
• rewilding – 再野生化

文例】 Rewilding Europe for biodiversity and conservation.

• contamination – 汚染

文例】 Air contamination drops by 30% in China. 

• toxic waste -  有毒廃棄物 = hazardous waste

文例】 Toxic waste is unwanted chemicals that are the result of manufacturing or industry and that are poisonous to living matter.

• erosion – 浸食

文例】 Sea level rise is a result of erosion. 

• Ecosystem – 生態系
• fauna and flora - 動植物

文例】 A loss of rich fauna and flora  would have grave impact on the ecosystem in the region.

• wildlife management - 野生生物管理

文例】 Wildlife management can include game keeping, wildlife conservation and pest control.

• rare species - 珍種、希少種

文例】Socotra has a unique ecosystem and is home to rare species of plants.

• critically endangered species - 近絶滅種

文例】International Union for Conservation of Nature raised the status for the Chinese and Malaysian species from endangered to critically endangered, just one notch from extinction in the wild.

• captivity - 捕獲飼育

文例】 The captivity of marine mammals should be banned.

「Business/Economic/Career」の例

　• job security– 雇用保障、職業の安定

文例】 Some people value job security over high salary. 

　• redundant - 解雇となる（形容詞）

文例】You were suddenly made redundant. 

　• unemployed - 失業中の

文例】 I am currently unemployed and looking for a job. 

　• perks -  職員の特典

文例】 You receive regular perks as pat of your job. 

　• workaholic - 仕事中毒の人

文例】Japanese are workaholic comparing to others in different countries. 

　• incentives - 報奨金(物)

文例】our company has a generous incentive scheme.  

　• downsizing - 人員削減

 文例】 Your boss announces that there is going to be some downsizing of the workforce.

　• demanding -過大の労力を要する（形容詞）

 文例】You found your job very demanding.

　• monetary compensation = financial renumeration - 報酬、サラリー

文例】The other plan aims to expand the size of assembly with part-time members on lower compensation. 

　• benefit -  手当、社会保険

文例】 The company you work has a great benefit.

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「Politics」の例

　• inflation ⇔deflation –インフレ⇔デフレ

文例】 The bank of Japan sets its inflation target at 2 %.

　•  public spending – 政府の支出

文例】The government needs to reduce public spending in order to cope with the financial difficulty. 

　• standard of living - 生活水準

文例】 Japan has a higher standard of living. 

　• welfare=social security - 社会福祉、生活保護

文例】 Sweden’s welfare system is coveted from all over the world.

　• well-being - 福利、福祉、よい生活状態

文例】connecting with nature is essential to our well-being.

　• redistribution of wealth -富の再分配富の再分配

文例】We want to see its agenda of massive redistribution of wealth and power. 

　• bipartisan- 2党の、2派の

 文例】 . Bipartisan group of lawmakers pushes DACA immigration bill.

　• platform – 公約

 文例】Until Wednesday, the PCs had not released an official platform.

　• Authoritarian - 独裁主義者

文例】Authoritarianism is a form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms.

　• political corruption - 汚職、買収、政治的腐敗

文例】 Stopping political corruption is a major issue in Japan.

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まとめ：

IELTS ライティングでは、トピック別の語彙を習得することで、曖昧な表現を避け、より専門性のある主題に合ったエッセイを書くことができます。また語彙力を試験官に印象づけることにも役立ちます。